Introduction

Laser cutting machines have emerged as highly efficient and precise tools widely utilized for cutting and perforating various materials. Their applications span across both metallic and non-metallic substances. In this article, we delve into the specifics of materials that are suitable for processing with laser cutting machines, examining the advantages and considerations for each category.

1.Metallic Materials

1.1 High Reflectivity Advantage

Laser cutting machines excel in processing metallic materials due to their significant advantages. The high reflectivity of metals allows for efficient absorption and transmission of laser energy, facilitating rapid and high-quality metal laser cutting. Common metallic materials suitable for laser cutting include carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, and copper.

1.2 Precision in High Reflectivity Metals

For high reflectivity materials like carbon steel and stainless steel, laser cutting machines achieve high-precision and high-quality cuts. During the cutting process, the laser beam rapidly melts the metal surface, and molten metal is blown away by high-pressure gas, ensuring continuous cutting. The swift cutting speed and minimal heat-affected zone result in smooth and neat edges, ensuring excellent processing quality.

1.3 Low Reflectivity Materials

Even for low reflectivity materials such as aluminum and copper, laser cutting machine can achieve high-quality cuts. However, due to their lower reflectivity, specific optical systems and processing parameters are required to enhance laser energy absorption on the material’s surface. Additionally, applying an absorptive coating on the material surface can increase its ability to absorb laser energy, improving cutting efficiency.

2.Non-Metallic Materials

2.1 Diverse Range of Non-Metallic Options

Laser cutting machines are not limited to metallic materials; they are also versatile in processing non-metallic materials. Common non-metallic materials suitable for laser cutting include plastics, rubber, wood, paper products, leather, and natural or synthetic organic substances. The interaction of these materials with laser energy results in varying degrees of thermal decomposition and chemical reactions, enabling cutting and perforation operations.

2.2 Organic Non-Metallic Materials Processing

For organic non-metallic materials like plastics and rubber, laser cutting machines focus high-energy laser beams on the material surface, rapidly melting or vaporizing it, achieving continuous cutting or perforation. The high cutting speed and minimal heat-affected zone reduce issues such as material charring and deformation, enhancing processing quality.

2.3 Inorganic Non-Metallic Materials Processing

In the case of inorganic non-metallic materials such as wood, paper products, and leather, laser cutting machines focus high-energy laser beams on the material surface, causing rapid combustion or carbonization and enabling continuous cutting or perforation. It’s crucial to note that the physical characteristics of these materials, such as thickness and hardness, may impact laser cutting effectiveness, necessitating appropriate adjustments and treatment.

Conclusion

In conclusion, laser cutting machines prove highly effective in processing a wide range of both metallic and non-metallic materials. The diverse absorption rates of different materials require the selection of suitable laser equipment for cutting. Additionally, the cutting effects and quality may vary across materials, necessitating adjustments and control of processing parameters based on specific requirements in practical applications.

The integration of laser cutting technology into manufacturing processes continues to unlock new possibilities for precision and efficiency across various industries. As technology advances, further innovations in laser cutting machines are anticipated, expanding their capabilities and broadening the spectrum of materials that can be efficiently processed.